Shielding Africa’s Mobile Future: Dr Sawadogo’s Fight Against Android Malware

In line with the African Union’s 2024 focus on Education, Science, Technology, and Innovation (ESTI), our recent PhD graduate, Dr Zakaria Sawadogo, has made significant contributions to mobile security in Africa. His thesis, “Continuous evaluation of detection features of Android malware using machine learning,” tackles a critical challenge: safeguarding Android devices from malicious applications. This research is pivotal in safeguarding mobile devices, ensuring safer and more secure technology for users.

Understanding the Objective

The primary goal of this research was to explore how different parameters affect the performance of machine learning models in detecting malicious Android applications. This included analysing the quality and quantity of training data and the metrics used to evaluate model performance. Additionally, the study proposed new methods to improve the detection process, aiming to develop an efficient, large-scale detector.

Key Areas of Focus

One significant aspect of the research was understanding how imbalanced datasets influence the results of machine learning models. Imbalanced datasets, where some classes are underrepresented, can skew the performance of models. Dr Swaadogo found that balanced precision and geometric mean metrics were more effective in these scenarios. His paper on this topic was presented at the 24th International Conference on Advanced Communication Technologies (ICACT) in 2022 and published in the “Transactions on Advanced Communications Technology (TACT).”

Dr Sawadogo  introduced several ground-breaking methods for improving Android malware detection. These include Zero-Vuln, which uses supervised deep learning to detect new malware with 83% accuracy, and DeepMalOb, which identifies obfuscated malicious apps via memory dumping and neural networks, achieving up to 99% accuracy. Enhanced DeepMalOb combines security risk analysis with Multilayer Perceptrons for hidden malware detection, while a behavior-based analysis method uses AI to uncover obscured threats. Additionally, the UFILA approach improves detection through incremental learning, achieving 99% accuracy and earning the Best Paper Award at ICACT.

The Mid@ndro architecture was developed to enhance the detection of malicious software on Android devices. This middleware solution coordinates effectively between the Android operating system and the end-user, optimizing malware detection. A specific middleware, AndroSafe, was implemented to detect malicious software on Android devices effectively. This work was also presented at the 6th International Conference on Cloud Computing and Artificial Intelligence (CloudTech) and published in IEEE Xplore.

Conclusion

This thesis has made significant strides in understanding the impact of evaluation metrics and data balance on machine learning models, introduced innovative methods for malware detection, and implemented these approaches in a practical software solution. These achievements contribute substantially to the field of computer security and the fight against mobile threats. Throughout the course of this research, nine scientific publications in esteemed international journals were produced.

 

Our PhD scholars have demonstrated exceptional dedication and expertise, paving the way for more secure mobile technologies. Their work is a testament to the importance of continuous research and innovation in protecting our digital world.

Celebrating Women in Science: Inspiring Sustainability and Impact in Africa

Today, as the world commemorates the International Day of Women and Girls in Science, we also celebrate the remarkable achievements of women scientists in our PASET Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund (Rsif). Of the 282 doctoral scholars in the PASET Rsif initiative, 37% are women from more than 24 countries in Africa. This is a positive development considering that less than 30% of the world’s researchers are women according to UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS) data (2023). Getting more women in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) is widely regarded as critical to growth and development of sustainable economies.

Despite the numerous efforts aimed at achieving gender equality in STEM, several studies highlight that women in STEM fields have lower publication rates, unequal compensation, and limited career progression compared to their male counterparts. The challenges leading to this inequality are multifaceted and express differently in different contexts. But the common ones appear to be unequal opportunities for women to get in STEM, and perceptions about gender roles that overwhelm women with domestic responsibilities.

At Rsif, we intentionally work to address the imbalances in the number of women in STEM through outreach, sustained mentorship, and gender responsive programming. We have learnt that deliberate efforts in providing a gender responsive educational and research environment helps women scientists to achieve their full potential.

Recently, two of our distinguished female scholars, Christelle Arielle Mbouteu, a 28-year-old Cameroonian national pursuing a PhD in renewable energy, and Rehema Mrutu, a 33-year-old Tanzanian national pursuing a PhD in Natural Resource Management and Climate Change, were recognized for their ground-breaking research during the COP28 in Dubai.

Rehema’s innovative work focuses on developing a CRISPR engineered strain to reduce methane emissions in cows, thereby enhancing meat and milk production sustainably. Her award-winning research aims to optimize methane production to acetic acid conversion, a by-product beneficial for livestock, in efforts to ensure food security in Africa.

Christelle received acclaim for her outstanding contribution at the 12th Asia-Pacific Forum on Renewable Energy (AFORE) in Jeju, South Korea. Her research delved into the techno-economic analysis of various renewable energy systems, providing valuable insights for achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. Explore further details here.

Furthermore, Faith Njeru and Mwende Mbilo, both Kenyan citizens, received recognition at the 14th award ceremony in Kasane, Botswana for the L’Oréal UNESCO For Women in Science Young Talents Sub Saharan Africa Awards. Faith’s research endeavours to develop an affordable, efficient, and user-friendly paper strip test for plant disease detection utilizing novel molecules extracted from camel serum. Meanwhile, Mwende’s research focuses on enhancing the design of efficient and stable non-fullerene acceptor-based organic solar cells through buffer layer modification. Delve deeper into their remarkable work here.

We maintain that women play a crucial role in advancing science and innovation. It is imperative that we proactively cultivate female talent in STEM fields. The International Day of Women and Girls in Science is certainly a moment for us to reflect on our commitment to increase women’s participation in and contribution to STEM for our socioeconomic transformation.

Jonas Bayuo, an Rsif PhD scholar, sets a new record for academic publishing at NM-AIST

In the realm of academia, the journey of Jonas Bayuo, an Rsif PhD scholar at the Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST), stands as a testament to exceptional achievement, dedication, and innovative contributions. Within the short span of just two and a half years into his PhD journey, Bayuo has not only achieved a remarkable milestone but has also left an indelible mark on the scientific community.

Bayuo’s prolific academic journey is marked by an impressive list of accomplishments. He has authored 10 first-authored articles in reputable peer-reviewed journals, predominantly in Springer Nature and Elsevier. Notably, this is an unprecedented feat in the history of the NM-AIST and Sub-Saharan Africa, showcasing the extraordinary impact of his scholarly contributions.

Adding to his list of accolades, Bayuo has two accepted book chapters with Springer Nature and Elsevier, scheduled to be published in April and November 2024, respectively. His commitment to advancing knowledge is evident in these forthcoming publications, contributing valuable insights to the academic community.

Bayuo’s scholarly works have garnered over 445 citations from world-renowned scientists, reflecting the significant impact of his research. His h-index of 10 underscores the influence of his contributions in the academic sphere.

Pursuing his PhD under the sponsorship of Rsif at NM-AIST has elevated Bayuo’s visibility. He is now a member of the prestigious Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) and serves as a reviewer for numerous international reputable peer-reviewed journals. With over 56 peer-review records in 19 publications recognized and verified by the Web of Science, Bayuo actively contributes to the advancement of scientific knowledge.

Bayuo’s paper was adjudged as the best at the 2nd International Maji Scientific Conference 2023, organized by the Ministry of Water-Water Institute, Dar es Salaam. His outstanding presentation earned him the title of Best Young Oral Presenter, along with a well-deserved medal.

Bayuo extends his heartfelt gratitude to the management of Rsif RCU for the unwavering support throughout his PhD journey. The support rendered has played a pivotal role in his success, emphasizing the collaborative nature of the Rsif community.

Jonas Bayuo’s journey exemplifies the transformative impact of Rsif on the academic landscape. His achievements not only contribute to the advancement of science but also inspire the next generation of scholars to reach new heights in their pursuit of knowledge. The Rsif community takes pride in Bayuo’s accomplishments and looks forward to witnessing the continued brilliance of scholars under its wings.

Rsif scholars recognized for their research contribution to a sustainable future

During global talks on climate change mitigation and adaptation at the recently concluded COP28 in Dubai, Rsif scholars Christelle Arielle Mbouteu Megaptche and Rehema Mrutu were recognized for their research contribution to a sustainable future. Christelle (28 years) is a Cameroonian national pursuing a PhD in renewable energy at the Department of Physics, University of Nairobi (UoN), Kenya with research placement to the Korea Institute of Energy Research in Korea and Rehema (33 years) is a Tanzanian national pursuing a PhD in Natural Resource Management and Climate Change at the Centre of Dryland Agriculture at Bayero University Kano, Nigeria with research placement at Worcester Polytechnic Institute in USA. Rehema was selected as a winning candidate at the Climate, Food and Farming Global Research Alliance Development (CLIFF-GRADS) award at the COP28 in Dubai.  CLIFF-GRADS is a joint initiative of the Mitigate+: Research for Low Emissions Food Systems of the CGIAR and the Global Research Alliance on Agricultural Greenhouse Gases (GRA).

Rehema is developing a CRISPR engineered strain to cut down methane emissions in cows and improve meat and milk production.  The award aims to advance one of her research objectives on developing cheap and efficient means to divert the key substrate “hydrogen” in methane production to acetic acid, which is a by-product that can be used by the cow to improve meat and milk production. Rehema believes these data are urgently needed for researchers to decide on which microorganisms in the rumen needs manipulation to both develop long term methane mitigations measures and ensure food security. The CLIFF-GRADS award comes with a grant of USD 14,000 for a 4-6 months research stay at The University of Connecticut, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology in USA.

Christelle on the other hand received a Best Paper Award for outstanding contribution to the 12th Asia-Pacific Forum on Renewable Energy (AFORE), held in Jeju, South Korea from 7-11 November 2023 with Theme: Pathways to Carbon Neutrality 2050. Her presentation was on Techno-Economic Comparative Analysis of Photovoltaic Panel/Wind Turbine/ Hydrogen Storage, Photovoltaic Panel/Wind Turbine/Battery Systems for Powering a Simulated House including Hydrogen Vehicle Load at Jeju Island (published in MDPI’s Energies journal here). Christelle is financed by the Government of Korea through a PASET-Rsif scholarship, and her research placement is at the Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER) in South Korea.

Christelle’s PhD research work has also been published in the Journal Energy Conversion and Management (Impact factor of 10:4) here. One of the causes of frequent power outages in developing countries is the global mismatch between supply and demand, which can have devastating effects. The study highlights the techno-economic and environmental significance of using a supercapacitor (SC) as a backup in contrast to a diesel generator (DG), as well as the validation of its compatibility with storage batteries because of the provision of a robust energy management approach.

Christelle hopes that her research will provide insights into reducing frequent load shedding in Cameroon, which often leads to power surges that destroy equipment, cause fires, disrupt education services and the proper functioning of health care services.

“In Africa, our journey towards clean energy is not just a possibility; it’s an imperative. Our rich natural resources are the key to sustainable, accessible energy for all, shaping a greener, brighter future. I believe we can do it. Christelle Arielle Mbouteu Megaptche, Rsif scholar in Energy including renewables.

Christelle’s PhD supervisory team includes Prof. Bernard Aduda (UoN), Dr. Hanki Kim (KIER), Prof. Sebastian Waita (UoN) and Dr. Peter Moses Musau (South Eastern Kenya University).

Korea contributes to the Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund (Rsif) of the Partnership for skills in Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology (PASET), since 2018. Its contribution of USD 9 million is to train Sub-Saharan African PhD students and to provide grants for research and innovation projects in strategic high potential sectors. Through PASET-Rsif Korea builds strong institutions and future science leaders to drive a science and technology-led growth and development to the mutual benefit of Africa, Korea and the world. The strong partnership between the Government of Korea, universities and PASET-Rsif contributes to boost exchange between African and Korean universities, researchers and faculties in the science and technology area.

Rsif combines intra-Africa academic exchange and international partnerships for world-class doctoral training. Research placement at an advanced institution gives exposure to cutting-edge technologies and nurtures connections with global research networks.  Moreover, Rsif promotes Africa regional integration, strengthening centers of excellence and innovation ecosystems. The design of Rsif as a Pan-African partnership and a jointly pooled science fund gives better economies of scale and is professionally managed by the Rsif Regional Coordination Unit at the International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe).

Best paper award ceremony

Photos: (1) Rsif scholar Christelle Arielle Mbouteu Megaptche (on the right) received a Best Paper Award at the 12th Asia-Pacific Forum on Renewable Energy (AFORE) in Jeju, South Korea; (2) Rsif scholar Rehema Mrutu (in the lab) received a CLIFF-GRADS award during COP28 in Dubai. PhD student in the lab

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

World Bank and icipe to conduct a Technical Implementation and Review Mission for Rsif

The World Bank, icipe and members of the Partnership for skills in Applied Sciences, Engineering, and Technology (PASET) Executive Board will conduct a technical Implementation Support Mission (ISM) from 25-26 October 2023 at icipe Duduville Campus (and online) in Nairobi, Kenya, to review implementation progress of the Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund (Rsif).

The ISM aims to i) Review the progress of each Rsif component including Rsif PhD scholarships, research and innovation grants, and other crosscutting capacity building and implementation issues and identify any emerging challenges; ii) Review fiduciary and safeguards aspects of the project; and iii) Review progress towards achieving each indicator in the results framework.

Rsif, the flagship program of the PASET, which aims at fostering competencies and skills to support the growth of key economic sectors and drive Africa’s socio-economic transformation. The Rsif program focuses on building high-quality training, research, and innovation environments, as well as developing institutional capacity in SSA to benefit the entire region. It also supports PhD students, post-doctoral scientists, and universities in SSA, with the goal of advancing research and innovation in priority economic sectors.

Through the support of African governments, the World Bank, the Government of Korea, and the European Union through the ACP Innovation Fund, Rsif has 253 active PhD scholars, 29 international partner institutes (IPIs) and 15 African Host Universities (AHUs), which host Rsif-sponsored PhD scholars in designated PhD programs within the universities in the areas of data science and artificial intelligence, food security and agribusiness, energy including renewables, mining, minerals and materials science and climate change. Rsif has supported 31 research projects and 18 innovation projects in the various AHUs as well as 9 digital innovation projects for agriculture through the EU funded AGriDi project.

The World Bank, icipe and its partners will also conduct visits to selected African host Universities (AHUs) in November 2023, to meet with students, staff and the private sector to review research and innovation grant projects financed through Rsif and pay courtesy calls to the Vice-Chancellors of these universities.

The visit is a significant step towards achieving PASET’s goal of promoting socio-economic transformation in sub-Saharan Africa through the strengthening of applied sciences, engineering, and technology; and also serves as an opportunity for stakeholders to interact and discuss the progress and challenges of implementing the program.

The Rsif program is currently funded by African governments, the World Bank, the Government of Korea, and the European Union through the ACP Innovation Fund. It is managed by the International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe) in Nairobi, Kenya, serving as the Rsif Regional Coordinating Unit (RCU). With the aim of establishing the first Africa-led Pan-African science fund, Rsif invites additional funders and partners to join this important initiative.

For additional information on Rsif and PASET, please visit www.rsif-paset.org| Kindly sign up for our newsletter for Rsif news.

Contact: Rsif Regional Coordination Unit Emailrsif@icipe.org Phone: 254 (20) 8632000

The University of Bristol partners with Rsif

The University of Bristol has joined the Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund (Rsif) as an International Partner Institution (IPI). University of Bristol joins 28 other Rsif IPIs, which widens opportunities for Rsif scholar-sandwich placements in an advanced research facility. Rsif scholars visiting University of Bristol will study alongside world class experts the in food and nutrition security and other areas like climate change.

Rsif IPIs are world class universities, research institutes/centres or companies (public or private) with advanced research and training facilities willing to offer research internship opportunities to Rsif PhD scholars registered at the Africa Host Universities (AHUs). See other Rsif IPIs here.

As an IPI, University of Bristol will contribute to strengthening institutional capacity for doctoral training, research, and innovation particularly in food systems in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

Through sandwich placement in international training programs, Rsif scholars gain exposure to diverse research environments, collaborate with experts from different cultures, access specialized resources, and foster personal and professional growth. The importance of this “sandwich” training option lies in its ability to cultivate a global perspective, allowing the scholars to thrive in a competitive academic landscape. It also facilitates cross-cultural communication, enhances interdisciplinary collaborations, and broadens horizons through engagement with diverse research methodologies.

Scholars benefit from advanced facilities, cutting-edge equipment, and unique resources available at partner universities, enriching their research projects. As they navigate international academic systems, the scholars develop adaptability, resilience, and a global outlook, positioning them as exceptional researchers with international recognition and credibility. This forward-thinking approach not only elevates the quality of research outcomes but also opens doors to global career prospects and prestigious fellowships or grants. Through this initiative, the academic community remains steadfast in its commitment to nurturing the next generation of exceptional scholars and advancing research excellence on a global scale.

Rsif aims to enhance research capacity in the region by prioritizing scholarships for African faculty members lacking a PhD. The program emphasizes collaboration with academic institutions, investors, governments, and other stakeholders in sub-Saharan Africa to integrate specialized knowledge and transfer it to future generations. Recent partnerships have considered the language diversity among Rsif doctoral students, with contributions from governments in Francophone Western Africa and Lusophone Southern Africa.

Rsif, launched in 2015, is the flagship program of the Partnership for skills in Applied Sciences, Engineering, and Technology (PASET). PASET is an African-led initiative aimed at fostering competencies and skills to support the growth of key economic sectors and drive Africa’s socio-economic transformation. Rsif focuses on building high-quality training, research, and innovation environments, as well as developing institutional capacity in SSA to benefit the entire region. The program supports PhD students, post-doctoral scientists, and universities in SSA, with the goal of advancing research and innovation in priority economic sectors.

Rsif utilizes scholarships and research grants to enhance the quality and relevance of PhD programs, ensuring the continuity and sustainability of research and innovation once scholars graduate. The program is currently funded by African governments, the World Bank, the Government of Korea, and the European Union through the ACP Innovation Fund. It is managed by the International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe) in Nairobi, Kenya, serving as the Rsif Regional Coordinating Unit (RCU). With the aim of establishing the first Africa-led Pan-African science fund, Rsif invites additional funders and partners to join this important initiative.

The Helmholtz Center Hereon, Germany partners with the Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund (Rsif)

The Helmholtz Center Hereon, Germany has joined the Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund (Rsif) as an International Partner Institution (IPI). Hereon joins 28 other Rsif IPIs to widen Rsif scholar-sandwich placements in advanced research facilities abroad. Rsif scholars visiting Hereon will study alongside world class experts the Department of Experimental Materials Mechanics, which home to the ultramodern electron microscopes and ex-situ/in-situ micromechanical testing devices, used for investigating structure-property relations in a wide variety of materials. Scholars will also experience the unique academic and research culture of Hereon and broaden their perspectives as young researchers.

Rsif IPIs are world class universities, research institutes/centres or companies (public or private) with advanced research and training facilities willing to offer research internship opportunities to Rsif PhD scholars registered at the Africa Host Universities (AHUs). See other Rsif IPIs here.

As an IPI, Hereon will contribute to strengthening institutional capacity for doctoral training, research, and innovation particularly in food systems in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

Through sandwich placement in international training programs, Rsif scholars gain exposure to diverse research environments, collaborate with experts from different cultures, access specialized resources, and foster personal and professional growth. The importance of this “sandwich” training option lies in its ability to cultivate a global perspective, allowing the scholars to thrive in a competitive academic landscape. It also facilitates cross-cultural communication, enhances interdisciplinary collaborations, and broadens horizons through engagement with diverse research methodologies.

“Hereon specifically focuses on the generation of knowledge and new/sustainable technologies that facilitate the development of high-performance and environmentally friendly materials for mobility and biomedical applications. Rsif scholars will immensely benefit from Hereon through access to modern equipment for their research, consequently increasing possibilities for enhancing their research/findings and increasing their publication output/quality. They can also expect support, engagement and collaboration with expert scientists at Hereon”.

~ Dr. Henry Ovri, Head, Nanomechanical testing and Deputy Head, Experimental Materials Mechanics Department, Hereon, 2023.

Scholars benefit from advanced facilities, cutting-edge equipment, and unique resources available at partner universities, enriching their research projects. As they navigate international academic systems, the scholars develop adaptability, resilience, and a global outlook, positioning them as exceptional researchers with international recognition and credibility. This forward-thinking approach not only elevates the quality of research outcomes but also opens doors to global career prospects and prestigious fellowships or grants. Through this initiative, the academic community remains steadfast in its commitment to nurturing the next generation of exceptional scholars and advancing research excellence on a global scale.

Rsif aims to enhance research capacity in the region by prioritizing scholarships for African faculty members lacking a PhD. The program emphasizes collaboration with academic institutions, investors, governments, and other stakeholders in sub-Saharan Africa to integrate specialized knowledge and transfer it to future generations. Recent partnerships have considered the language diversity among Rsif doctoral students, with contributions from governments in Francophone Western Africa and Lusophone Southern Africa.

Rsif, launched in 2015, is the flagship program of the Partnership for skills in Applied Sciences, Engineering, and Technology (PASET). PASET is an African-led initiative aimed at fostering competencies and skills to support the growth of key economic sectors and drive Africa’s socio-economic transformation. Rsif focuses on building high-quality training, research, and innovation environments, as well as developing institutional capacity in SSA to benefit the entire region. The program supports PhD students, post-doctoral scientists, and universities in SSA, with the goal of advancing research and innovation in priority economic sectors.

Rsif utilizes scholarships and research grants to enhance the quality and relevance of PhD programs, ensuring the continuity and sustainability of research and innovation once scholars graduate. The program is currently funded by African governments, the World Bank, the Government of Korea, and the European Union through the ACP Innovation Fund. It is managed by the International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe) in Nairobi, Kenya, serving as the Rsif Regional Coordinating Unit (RCU). With the aim of establishing the first Africa-led Pan-African science fund, Rsif invites additional funders and partners to join this important initiative.

Rsif partners with the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)

Rsif and the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics

The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) has joined the Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund (Rsif) as an International Partner Institution (IPI). ICRISAT joins 28 other Rsif IPIs, which widens opportunities for Rsif scholar-sandwich placements in an advanced research facility. Rsif scholars visiting ICRISAT will study alongside world class experts in food and nutrition security and other areas like climate change.

Rsif IPIs are world class universities, research institutes/centres or companies (public or private) with advanced research and training facilities willing to offer research internship opportunities to Rsif PhD scholars registered at the Africa Host Universities (AHUs). See other Rsif IPIs here.

As an IPI, ICRISAT will contribute to strengthening institutional capacity for doctoral training, research, and innovation particularly in food systems in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

Through sandwich placement in international training programs, Rsif scholars gain exposure to diverse research environments, collaborate with experts from different cultures, access specialized resources, and foster personal and professional growth. The importance of this “sandwich” training option lies in its ability to cultivate a global perspective, allowing the scholars to thrive in a competitive academic landscape. It also facilitates cross-cultural communication, enhances interdisciplinary collaborations, and broadens horizons through engagement with diverse research methodologies.

“ICRISAT values the partnership with ‘Partnership for Skills in Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology (PASET)’ as it strongly believes that academic and scientific research cooperation and capacity building is fundamental to develop priority sectors such as agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. Agriculture is the driver of rural development and a robust research capability at the national level can help countries achieve food and nutrition security.  We look forward to collaborating with African Universities to empower smallholder farmers in the drylands of sub-Saharan Africa.” ~ Dr Jacqueline d’Arros Hughes, Director General of International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, 2023.

Scholars benefit from advanced facilities, cutting-edge equipment, and unique resources available at partner universities, enriching their research projects. As they navigate international academic systems, the scholars develop adaptability, resilience, and a global outlook, positioning them as exceptional researchers with international recognition and credibility. This forward-thinking approach not only elevates the quality of research outcomes but also opens doors to global career prospects and prestigious fellowships or grants. Through this initiative, the academic community remains steadfast in its commitment to nurturing the next generation of exceptional scholars and advancing research excellence on a global scale.

Rsif aims to enhance research capacity in the region by prioritizing scholarships for African faculty members lacking a PhD. The program emphasizes collaboration with academic institutions, investors, governments, and other stakeholders in sub-Saharan Africa to integrate specialized knowledge and transfer it to future generations. Recent partnerships have considered the language diversity among Rsif doctoral students, with contributions from governments in Francophone Western Africa and Lusophone Southern Africa.

Rsif, launched in 2015, is the flagship program of the Partnership for skills in Applied Sciences, Engineering, and Technology (PASET). PASET is an African-led initiative aimed at fostering competencies and skills to support the growth of key economic sectors and drive Africa’s socio-economic transformation. Rsif focuses on building high-quality training, research, and innovation environments, as well as developing institutional capacity in SSA to benefit the entire region. The program supports PhD students, post-doctoral scientists, and universities in SSA, with the goal of advancing research and innovation in priority economic sectors.

Rsif utilizes scholarships and research grants to enhance the quality and relevance of PhD programs, ensuring the continuity and sustainability of research and innovation once scholars graduate. The program is currently funded by African governments, the World Bank, the Government of Korea, and the European Union through the ACP Innovation Fund. It is managed by the International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe) in Nairobi, Kenya, serving as the Rsif Regional Coordinating Unit (RCU). With the aim of establishing the first Africa-led Pan-African science fund, Rsif invites additional funders and partners to join this important initiative.

The World Vegetable Center joins Rsif as an International Partner Institution

The World Vegetable Center (WorldVeg) has joined the Regional Scholarship and Innovation Fund (Rsif) as an International Partner Institution (IPI). WorldVeg joins 28 other Rsif IPIs, which widens opportunities for Rsif scholar-sandwich placements in an advanced research facility. Rsif scholars visiting WorldVeg will study alongside world class experts in food and nutrition security and other areas like climate change.

Rsif IPIs are world class universities, research institutes/centres or companies (public or private) with advanced research and training facilities willing to offer research internship opportunities to Rsif PhD scholars registered at the Africa Host Universities (AHUs). See other Rsif IPIs here.

As an IPI, WorldVeg will contribute to strengthening institutional capacity for doctoral training, research, and innovation particularly in food systems in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).

Through sandwich placement in international training programs, Rsif scholars gain exposure to diverse research environments, collaborate with experts from different cultures, access specialized resources, and foster personal and professional growth. The importance of this “sandwich” training option lies in its ability to cultivate a global perspective, allowing the scholars to thrive in a competitive academic landscape. It also facilitates cross-cultural communication, enhances interdisciplinary collaborations, and broadens horizons through engagement with diverse research methodologies.

“We are proud to join Rsif. In Africa, and around the world, we need to pay much more attention to nutritious food, like vegetables, to sustainably improve diets, livelihoods and resilience in the face of climate change and in emergency situations. That will need a lot of innovative thinking and action across food systems! We hope to welcome many Rsif scholars in the years to come.”

~ Dr. Marco Wopereis, Director General of World Vegetable Center, 2023.

Scholars benefit from advanced facilities, cutting-edge equipment, and unique resources available at partner universities, enriching their research projects. As they navigate international academic systems, the scholars develop adaptability, resilience, and a global outlook, positioning them as exceptional researchers with international recognition and credibility. This forward-thinking approach not only elevates the quality of research outcomes but also opens doors to global career prospects and prestigious fellowships or grants. Through this initiative, the academic community remains steadfast in its commitment to nurturing the next generation of exceptional scholars and advancing research excellence on a global scale.

Rsif aims to enhance research capacity in the region by prioritizing scholarships for African faculty members lacking a PhD. The program emphasizes collaboration with academic institutions, investors, governments, and other stakeholders in sub-Saharan Africa to integrate specialized knowledge and transfer it to future generations. Recent partnerships have considered the language diversity among Rsif doctoral students, with contributions from governments in Francophone Western Africa and Lusophone Southern Africa.

Rsif, launched in 2015, is the flagship program of the Partnership for skills in Applied Sciences, Engineering, and Technology (PASET). PASET is an African-led initiative aimed at fostering competencies and skills to support the growth of key economic sectors and drive Africa’s socio-economic transformation. Rsif focuses on building high-quality training, research, and innovation environments, as well as developing institutional capacity in SSA to benefit the entire region. The program supports PhD students, post-doctoral scientists, and universities in SSA, with the goal of advancing research and innovation in priority economic sectors.

Rsif utilizes scholarships and research grants to enhance the quality and relevance of PhD programs, ensuring the continuity and sustainability of research and innovation once scholars graduate. The program is currently funded by African governments, the World Bank, the Government of Korea, and the European Union through the ACP Innovation Fund. It is managed by the International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe) in Nairobi, Kenya, serving as the Rsif Regional Coordinating Unit (RCU). With the aim of establishing the first Africa-led Pan-African science fund, Rsif invites additional funders and partners to join this important initiative.

Pioneering Achievement: Dr Ruth Moirana, inaugural female scholar and pioneer scholar from the 2nd Cohort successfully defends her PhD thesis

Dr Ruth Lorivi Moirana, successfully defended her PhD thesis at the Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST) in Tanzania on 7th August 2023. Ruth, a Tanzanian national, becomes the first Rsif scholar in Cohort 2 to finish her PhD study. NM-AIST is one of the Rsif African Host Universities (AHUs). Ruth’s research topic was on “remediation of soils contaminated with fluoride using seaweed-derived materials,

Ruth, who is also a mother, shares her journey as Rsif female scholar managing both academic pursuits and motherhood, particularly during the unique circumstances posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Q. Being the first female scholar and the pioneer from NM-AIST in Cohort 2 to defend your thesis is a significant achievement. How does it feel to make history in this way?

A. I am filled with unimaginable joy. I was not aware that I was the first female scholar until I heard from my fellow students. Although what makes me happier is that I have become a motivation and inspiration to all female scholars within and outside PASET-Rsif.

Q. What motivated you to choose the topic of your thesis and the research you conducted?

A. My research intends to reduce fluoride exposure to human beings through food. I chose this topic because I was born in Arusha, one of the regions in Tanzania reported to have high fluoride levels in water and soil. About 99 % of people living in Arusha live with the symptoms of fluorosis (evidenced by our red teeth). Therefore, this research topic is personal as I am a victim myself; and it is our responsibility as African researchers to solve Africa’s problems.

Q. The journey of successfully defending a thesis involves dedication and hard work. Could you tell us about some of the challenges you faced during your research and how you overcame them?

A. It is true that this journey requires dedication and hard work, but it requires twice of it if you are a woman. At times, various responsibilities demand immediate attention. For instance, I once submitted a manuscript for publication, and soon after, a reviewer requested additional data. This led me to return to the laboratory within less than five days after giving birth. These situations teach you to take one step at a time. An important lesson I also gained is the value of approaching research with an open mindset, as not everything goes as planned, emphasizing the need for adaptability and flexibility.

Q. NM-AIST is known for its commitment to scientific advancement. How has the institution contributed to your academic journey and the successful completion of your thesis?

A. NM-AIST has contributed massively towards my academic journey: –

  1. The motto ‘Academia for Society and Industry’ inspired my viewpoint that I must make Sure what I do brings real impact to the society.
  2. Through supervision, the university is for post graduate studies only (master’s and Ph.D.) which gives academic staff enough time to pay closer attention to their student’s research as well as offer guidance and support.
  3. The university also have accommodations dedicated for mothers with young children which helped me stay closer to the baby as I conduct research.
  4. The university has a laboratory with several analytical equipment that I used to obtain most of the data obtained during my studies. and
  5. The environment is very quiet and peaceful which is perfect for philosophical thinking.

Q. Looking ahead, what are your plans or aspirations in your academic and professional journey after this significant achievement?

A. After this significant achievement, I anticipate on perfecting my solution (the material I have been investigating) and deliver it to the target communities (either through further research or post-doctorate). As an academic staff, I plan on transferring the research knowledge and mindset to new researchers pursuing their postgraduates. As a woman, specifically a Maasai woman, I plan to encourage women, particularly those in STEM, that you can be a mother and still reach greater milestones.

Q. Rsif promotes international collaboration. Have you made any global connections and how have they impacted your perspective on research and academia?

A. During my studies, I underwent my sandwich training at the Natural Resource institute (NRI) of the University of Greenwich, UK for about 6 months as part of the Rsif-program. During this period, I made several friends in academia from different continents, all working in diverse and interesting research areas. I conducted part of my research at NRI, which is one of Rsif’s International Partner Institutions (IPIs) and got access to some of the analytical equipment that were not available at NM-AIST. Through these global connections I learned quite a lot, such as developing a research mindset, supervision techniques, how to conduct research, research knowledge management and more.

Q. Balancing academia and motherhood can be demanding. Could you share some insights into how you managed your academic responsibilities while taking care of your baby?

A. Starting my PhD journey with a one-year-old son posed significant challenges in securing help, causing me to question my ability to persevere. I remember crying and asking myself ‘what am I doing?’; and at that point, it sounded a lot easier to give up. However, my husband assured me the reason I was on this path was to set an example for others to follow. As much as this did not change the difficulty I was facing, it changed my perspective and I knew giving up was not an option. Instead, I learned to manage and utilize the resources I had, which was time and people.

Q. Becoming a mother is a life-changing experience. How did this new role impact your approach to your studies and research?

A. Being a mother is a life-changing experience because it shifts your priorities. You leave a new-born to work on your research, and you feel convicted that you are a bad mother. You leave your research to take care of the baby and you feel like you will not finish on school time. This almost got to me until my friend John said something that stuck with me. ‘If a woman can give birth and hold a new-born’s leg as she is running in war looking for refuge and the baby still survives, then yours will be alright.’

Q. Juggling personal life with academic pursuits can be challenging. Were there specific strategies or support systems that helped you maintain a successful balance?

A. Yes, it is challenging juggling personal life with academic pursuit, but it is important to keep them in balance for our mental and spiritual wellbeing. Without proper support one can, be really shaken or loose control of their life. When there is flood, you need to hold onto something stable and strong to avoid being swept away. To me the strength I held onto was God because only God can give someone assurance of their safety. I also got a lot of support from my husband, family, supervisors, and the Rsif team as well.

Q. The COVID-19 pandemic posed unique challenges for students worldwide. How did you adapt to remote learning and research during this period? Were there any unexpected benefits or hurdles you encountered?

A. The COVID-19 pandemic was the hardest experience the world went through, as so many families lost their loved ones. However, the pandemic led to the emergence of a new technological era which was advantageous to my situation because I could attend scientific discussions virtually whilst taking care of my new-born son.

Q. The pursuit of higher education often involves collaborative projects and discussions. How did you engage in group work and academic discussions while dealing with the constraints of the pandemic and motherhood?

A. Thanks to technology, I was able to attend different symposiums, trainings, and discussions virtually during, and even after the pandemic. As for the motherhood, I made sure I utilized all the help I could get from the family and relatives.

Q. As a role model for other female scholars and students, what message would you like to share with other women who are aspiring to pursue their academic goals while managing their family responsibilities?

A. I would tell them that it is difficult but not impossible. It is important to manage your time and ensure that the first time you complete a task, you give it your best shot, because otherwise you will take too much time repeating it.

Q. How would you summarize your overall experience as an Rsif scholar at NM-AIST, and what advice would you offer to future scholars embarking on a similar path?

A. I would summarize my experience as an Rsif-scholar at NM-AIST as quite good as all the staff are amiable and ready to assist. NM-AIST has collaborations with other universities where students can benefit, making the whole experience seamless and enjoyable.

Q. What message would you like to share with PASET/Rsif-RCU (Regional Coordination Unit)?

A. To PASET/Rsif-RCU I would like to say thank you. Thank you for this vision. Many young Africans have ideas that can transform Africa but there are few visionaries to assist them. Therefore, this vision is one of the best; and I would love to see it last for generations.